Vitalik Buterin submitted a solution erC-4337 for "account abstraction" without modifying the Ethereum protocol: The proposal shows a way to initiate transactions directly through contracts by replicating the trading pool in higher-level systems without changing ethereum's underlying protocols, and uses Vitalik Buterin to say that an early developer Alpha version is expected soon, The next step will be to finalize the details and audit to secure the scheme, and developers should be able to start experimenting with an "account abstraction" wallet soon.

The annual Ethereum event "ETHOnline" has officially kicked off: ETHOnline, one of the most important events of the year for the Ethereum community and developers, will be launched on Friday (September 17th). ETHOnline, organized by ETHGlobal, will feature a series of hackathons and guest speakers. As one of the largest Ethereum events of the year, ETHOnline's hackathons in the past have produced a considerable number of quality projects. This year ETHOnline will run online from September 17 to October 15. Registration is now open and there will be a theme summit every Friday during the event, The topics are "NFT & Creators," "Governance & DAOs," "Developer Tools," and "Merge & Scalability." In addition, Ethereum founder Vitalik Buterin, Chainlink engineer Patrick Collins, Fluence Labs scientist Bernhard Borges and others will participate in ETHOnline as judges or keynote speakers.

Ip-1559 went live and divided Gas fees into two parts. One is the "Base fee" that must be paid for each transaction, which is calculated based on the Base fee of the previous block and the resource utilization rate of the block. The other is the Priority fee, which is paid by users. For the base rate, when the utilization rate of the previous block is higher than 50%, the base rate will increase; When the utilization rate is below 50%, the base fee will be reduced, users cannot adjust the base rate, and the base fee will be permanently destroyed by the network. From an economic point of view, since every transaction requires the destruction of some ETH, this means that the more economic activity that takes place in the economy, the more ETH is destroyed. In other words, when the destruction rate is greater than the block reward release rate, Ethereum enters a deflationary state. From a user experience perspective, ethereum's user experience is enhanced by the fact that users don't need to have a deep understanding of the transaction fee mechanism, but can simply pay according to the wallet's estimate and get the best rate and expected results.

ETH2.0 beacon chain mainnet started. The launch of ETH2.0 is not only beneficial to the long-term development of ETH, but also beneficial to the development of DeFi ecology. The launch and development of Ethereum 2.0 has brought about the expected "possibilities" for ethereum scalability.

Ethereum forks hard, making a backward incompatible change that puts all Ethereum coins (including those moved on The DAO) back where they came from, and The blockchain that doesn't accept this change becomes Ethereum Classic (ETC).

Vitalik Buterin has released the "Big Block Chain" roadmap, which includes the following four points: 1. Add a Layer 2 pledge, which has low resource requirements and can therefore perform distributed block verification. Transactions in a block are divided into 100 buckets, each with a Merkle or Verkle tree state root behind it. Each secondary pledgee is randomly assigned to one of the buckets. A block is accepted only if signed by at least two-thirds of the verifiers assigned to each bucket; 2. Introduce proof of fraud or ZK-SNARK, allowing users to directly (and cheaply) check block validity. Zk-snarks can be directly encrypted to prove block validity; Proof of fraud is a simpler scheme where if a block has an invalid bucket, anyone can broadcast proof of fraud for that bucket. This provides another layer of security on top of randomly assigned validators; 3. Introduce data availability sampling to allow users to check block availability. By using DAS checking, light clients can verify that blocks have been published simply by downloading some randomly selected blocks; 4. Add secondary trading channels to prevent censorship.

Ethereum PoS merger or delay until next year, upgrade at the end of this year only contains delay difficulty bomb: Ethereum core developer Tim Beiko said that after talking to four client teams, ethereum's Network update in December will only include a "deferred difficulty bomb" and will not include other updates, naming the December update after Arrow Glacier. In addition, discussions will be held on which OF the OTHER EIP proposed in the current Shanghai upgrade (whether it will still be called the "Shanghai Upgrade" to be determined) should be implemented in the first upgrade after the merger once the merger is completed.

The Ethereum beacon chain has reached Epoch 74240 and has activated the Altair hard fork upgrade. Altair is an update to Ethereum's relatively small beacon chain, and one of the key new features is the "Light Client Synchronization Committee," where validators are regularly incentivized to provide information about block headers to light clients. According to Nodewatch, 17.5% of nodes are still out of sync.

Prysm, the Ethereum 2.0 client developed by Prysmatic Labs team, has officially released version 2.0, supporting the upcoming hard fork upgrade to Altair for the main network of Ethereum 2.0 beacon chain. The team says this is the largest version update to Prysm to date, including 380 changes, improved performance of beacon chain nodes, and various bug fixes.

Ethereum 2.0 client Prysmatic Labs has issued a client diversity statement that it will take reasonable measures to reduce Prysm's absolute advantage to improve client diversity: 1. Standardized validation node apis that make it easier to create graphical interfaces that can be used across clients; 2. Full support for standard Ethereum beacon apis, allowing Prysm beacon nodes to be used with other teams' validation node client implementations for easier switching between software; 3. Add support for standard remote signers (such as Web3Signer) to better achieve diversity of client adoption; 4. Continue to develop appropriate standards to create a rich user experience for stakeholders who choose any client implementation.

The Ethereum Beacon Chain will undergo Altair hard fork Upgrade on October 27: The Ethereum Beacon chain will undergo its first hard fork upgrade Altair on October 27, Epoch 74240. Pyrmont, the Ethereum 2.0 test network, forked Altair on August 19. Altair is a relatively small update to Ethereum's beacon chain. One of the key new features is the "Light Client Synchronization Committee," where validators are regularly incentivized to provide block header information to light clients. Alpha was launched in May and went from Alpha to Beta in mid-July.

The annual Ethereum event "ETHOnline" has officially kicked off: ETHOnline, one of the most important events of the year for the Ethereum community and developers, will be launched on Friday (September 17th). ETHOnline, organized by ETHGlobal, will feature a series of hackathons and guest speakers. As one of the largest Ethereum events of the year, ETHOnline's hackathons in the past have produced a considerable number of quality projects. This year ETHOnline will run online from September 17 to October 15. Registration is now open and there will be a theme summit every Friday during the event, The topics are "NFT & Creators," "Governance & DAOs," "Developer Tools," and "Merge & Scalability." In addition, Ethereum founder Vitalik Buterin, Chainlink engineer Patrick Collins, Fluence Labs scientist Bernhard Borges and others will participate in ETHOnline as judges or keynote speakers.

Shanghai Upgrade (the core developers have started high-level planning for Shanghai Upgrade, release date is yet to be determined)

Ethereum underwent a London hard fork upgrade (block height 12,965,000). No new tokens were created in this fork.

Ethereum's "London" hard fork is expected. (The upgrade to IP-1559 has been officially incorporated into the London hard fork, which is expected to reduce volatility in Ethereum transaction fees.)

At around 6:12 PM, the Berlin Hard Fork was officially activated on block 12244000 of the main network. In the past week, the average calculation force of the whole network of Ethereum was 502.37th /s, and the average block production time was 13 seconds.

Eth2 is a fully formed fragment.

1.Eth2 Stage 1: Sharding chain; Eth2 Phase 1.5: The main network is fragmented.

ETH release provids a deposit contract address: 0 x00000000219ab540356cbb839cbe05303d7705fa, need at least 16384 validation on December 1, a total of 524288 ETH lock, open Pos mining can smoothly.

The Ethereum development team is expected to launch Ethereum 2.0 in July 2020.

Ethereum 2.0 Phase 1 reached more consensus and 64 shards will be launched to enter Ethereum 1.5 phase.

Version 0.12.0 of the Ethereum 2.0 technical specification was released, which updated the BLS signature algorithm specification to draft BLS 2 using the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), a standardization organization.

Ethereum 2.0 construction team Prysmatic Labs has released Topaz, a test network for the Ethereum 2.0 main network configuration.

Ethereum 2.0 has released version v0.10.0 of the phase 0 code specification.

Ethereum completed "Muir Glacier" hard fork upgrade at block height 9200,000.

The "Istanbul" hard fork upgrade was completed on the Ethereum main network at block height 9069000.

At 03:52 am on March 1, ethereum's block height reached 7280,000, and an upgrade to Constantinople & St. Petersburg was initiated, bringing a hard fork to ethereum.

Ethereum will undergo a hard fork upgrade in Constantinople (block height 7080000). On January 16, the upgrade was delayed due to a security breach. On January 17, the block at the height of 7080,000 was excavated.

Ethereum founder Vitalik announced ethereum 2.0 roadmap, sharding mechanism as the core of collaborative enhancement.

The Ethereum Developer conference (DEVCON 3) took place over four days in Cancun, Mexico. At the conference, Vitalik Buterin raised the issue of Casper, Sharding, and other protocol updates to bring Sharding to the fore.

Ethereum Byzantium (block height 4370000)

Ethereum's founders have proposed a plan to expand Ethereum -- Plasma. As the number of DApps on the main network of Ethereum increases, capacity expansion and performance have been major issues affecting ETH usage. Ethereum is expected to address performance issues with sharding and expansion issues with Plasma.

Huobi and OKCoin bank, two of China's three major bitcoin exchanges, officially launched Ethereum.

Enterprise Ethereum Alliance (EEA) added 86.

The Enterprise Ethereum Alliance, or EEA, was formed with jpmorgan Chase, Microsoft, Intel and others as members.

Ethereum successfully implemented a hard fork, forming two chains, the original chain (Ethereum Classic, ETC) and the new fork chain (ETH), each representing different community consensus and values.

Hackers took advantage of a recursive bug in The DAO code to continuously separate assets from The DAO pool. Hackers then exploited a second flaw in The DAO to prevent The separated assets from being destroyed.

The DAO project started crowdfunding. The project token DAO will be crowdfunded for 28 days. The token price is about 100 DAOs for 1 to 1.5 Ethereum. In total, The DAO project raised more than 12 million Ethereum, almost 14% of ethereum at The time, valued at more than $150 million, and attracted more than 11,000 crowdfunding participants.

Ethereum launches Homestead

With the recognition of Ethereum's technology, prices began to skyrocket, attracting a lot of people outside of developers into the ethereum world.

Ethereum smart contracts open the way to blockchain applications.

Ethereum is holding a five-day developer conference in London.

The Ethereum team introduced a "Difficulty Bomb" mechanic

Ethereum begins its Frontier phase, with developers writing smart contracts and decentralized applications on Ethereum to be deployed on the Ethereum real-time network.

The team released the final test network (POC9, of which there have been 0 to 8 beta versions) code-named Olympic.

The DEVgrants program, which provides funding for all contributions to the Ethereum platform and ethereum-based projects, was released.

Ethereum held its first small developer conference (DEVCON 0) in Berlin.

Ethereum reduced the block generation time of blockchain from 60 seconds to 12 seconds, which marked an improvement in Ethereum performance and provided a better foundation for subsequent Dapps running on ethereum.

Ethereum held a 42-day pre-sale of Ether and raised 31,591 bitcoins, worth $18,439,086 at the time.

In February, ethereum's first Proof of Concept (PoC1) was released. In March, Ethereum released the third version of its Test Network (PoC3) and moved its headquarters to zug, Switzerland. In April, Gavin Wood published the Ethereum Yellow Book, formalizing important technologies such as the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM). In June, the Stiftung Ethereum fund was established in Zug, Switzerland.

Ethereum founder Vitalik Buterin launched the project with the release of the first ethereum white paper.